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ื ืžืฆืื• 30 ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ""

  • ื”ืคื—ื“ ืž-"ื”ื˜ืจืœื•ืœ ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™" ื”ื•ื ืžื˜ื•ืจืœืœ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื•

    ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ืืœ ืžื” ืฉืžื›ื•ื ื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ "ื”ื˜ืจืœื•ืœ ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™" ื ืกืžื›ืช ืขืœ ืชื•ืคืขื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช -ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช -ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช. ื”ืื ืงื“ื•ื˜ื•ืช ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ืžื”ื’ื•ืœื“ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ืคื™ื’ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืขื“ ื•ื ื’ื“ ืžื™ื•ื‘ืื•ืช ืžืืžืจื™ืงื”, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื›ืกืฃ. ื›ืชื‘ืชื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื”ื–ื• ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื”. ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื™ืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืื‘ืง ืฉืœื”ื ืœืฆื“ืง ืคืจืกืžืชื™ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื—ื‘ืจืชื™-ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ ื›ืชื‘ืชื™ ื‘ืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช-ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช. ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ, ืื ื™ ื›ืœืœ ืœื ืžื–ืœื–ืœ ื‘ืชื•ืคืขื” ื”ื–ื• ื•ืœื ืžื•ื—ืง ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืœื™ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื”. ืื ื™ ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื•ื”ืคื—ื“ ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื ื›ืœื™ ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™, ื•ื˜ืขื ืชื™ ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืœื ืชื•ืืžื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื—, ื•ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ื‘ืจื™ืชื•ืช ืžืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื”. ื”ืžื—ื ื” ื”"ืฉืžืจื ื™" ื”ืขื›ืฉื•ื•ื™ ืžืฆื“ื™ืง ืžืขืฉื™ื ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื ืžืื•ื“, ื•ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื›ื ื™ื ืžืื•ื“ (ืžืื™ืชืžืจ ื‘ืŸ ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ื•ืื‘ื™ ืžืขื•ื– ื•ืขื“ ื“"ืจ ืื‘ื™ืฉื™ ื‘ืŸ-ื—ื™ื™ื) ื‘ื˜ืขื ื” ื›ื™ ืจืง ื›ืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื ื” "ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™", ื•ืžืฆื™ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื• ื›ืžืขื™ืŸ ื“ืžื•ืŸ ืจื‘-ืขื•ืฆืžื” ื•ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ. ืžื”ื–ื•ื•ื™ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื™ืช, ื•ื›ืžื™ ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ ื‘ืื—ืช ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ืฉืžืืœื ื™ื•ืช - ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื•ืช - ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช (ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ื›ืœืœ, ืœื ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ) ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘, ื•ื‘ืื—ืช ืžืขืจื™ ื”ืงื•ืœื’' ื”ื›ื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” (ืžื“ื™ืกื•ืŸ, ื•ื™ืกืงื•ื ืกื™ืŸ), ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืขื™ื“ ื›ื™ ื”ืชื•ืคืขื” ืœื ืจืง ืงื˜ื ื” ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื•ืฆื’ืช ืืœื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืคื™ ื›ืžื”. ื™ืฉื ืŸ ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ื™ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืจื—ื•ืงื•ืช ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื–ื•ื™ื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ื•ืคืจื™ื ื’'ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื ืคืชื•ื— ืœื“ื™ื•ืŸ, ื‘ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืฆืžื™ืช, ืžื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ืกื˜ ืขืจื›ื™ื ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื. ืจื•ื‘ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืื™ืชื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืงืฉืจ, ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ืžื—ื•ืฆื” ืœื”, ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขืœื™ ืชืคื™ืกื” ืคืจื’ืžื˜ื™ืช ื•ืžืชื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช. ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ื˜ืขื ื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืงื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ื™ืชื™ื ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื”ื–ื•, ื™ืฉ ื’ื ื™ืฉ, ืืœื ืฉื”ื™ื—ืก ืœื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืงื•ืœื•ืช ื•ืœืขื•ืฆืžืชื ืื™ื ื ื” ื ื›ื•ื ื”. ื”ื›ื•ื— ืฉืœ ืžืคื™ืฆื™ ื”ื‘ื”ืœื” ื ื•ื‘ืข ืžื”ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื•ื”ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืืจื”"ื‘ ื›ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆืจืช ืื™ื ืกืคื•ืจ ืื ืงื“ื•ื˜ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืื’ื“ ืชื—ืช ื›ื•ืชืจืช ืื—ืช, ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืื—ืช, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง. ืฉื™ื— ื”ืื™ื ื“ื™ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืืกื•ืฃ ืื™ื ืกืคื•ืจ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ืื™ืžื” ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื, ืœืžืชื•ื— ืงื• ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื•ืœืฉื™ื ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืœื’ื•ืœืช - "ื”ื ื‘ืื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื." ืืžื ื ื”ืžืกืงื ื” ืฉืœื™ ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืื™ืฉื™ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉืœื™, ืฉืœื™ื— ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืžืืœื ื™ืช ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื›ื—ื•ืœื” ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขื ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื - ื ื•ืชื ืช ืœื™ ื”ืฆืฆื” ืœื ืจืขื” ืืœ ื”ืฉื˜ื—. ื•ื”ืฉื˜ื— ื”ื–ื” ืœื ื ืจืื” ื›ื›ื”. ื’ื ื”ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืฉืื™ืชืŸ ื”ืชื•ื•ื›ื—ืชื™ ืื™ื ืกื•ืฃ ืคืขืžื™ื, ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฆืจื” ืฉื˜ื•ื—ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ืžื—ื ื” ื”ืฉืžืจื ื™ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœืฆื™ื™ืจืŸ. ื”ืŸ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื”, ืžื™ื™ื ืกื˜ื™ืจืžื™ื•ืช ืคื—ื•ืช ื•ืœื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช. ื—ืœืงื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ื–ื•, ื›ืžื• ื”ื“ื’ืฉ ื”ื—ื–ืง ืขืœ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืื—ืจ ื•ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืœื›ืœืœื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ืงืฉื™ื—ื™ื ืื›ืŸ ืžืชืงื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ืงืคื™ื ืจื—ื‘ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืœืจื•ื‘ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืœืชืคื™ืกื” ื”ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ื•ืœื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืกื—ืฃ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ - ืจืขื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ืฉื•ืœื™ื™ื ื”ื–ื•. ื”ื›ืœื‘ ืงื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืฉืืœืช ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื”ื–ื•. ืขื•ื“ ืœื ืจืื™ืชื™ ืขืจืขื•ืจ ืจืฆื™ื ื™ ืขืœ ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืกืงืจ PEW ื›ื™ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื›-8% ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช, ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ื ื‘ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช ื“ืœ ืžื”ืžืฆื•ืคื”. ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืชื ื’ื“ื™ื ืœื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื–ื” ื˜ื•ืขื ื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ื ืืœื” ืฉืžื—ืœื—ืœื™ื. ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื‘ื˜ื™ืขื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืงืฉื” ืžืื•ื“ ืœืืคื™ื™ืŸ ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืืช ื’ืœื’ื•ืœื™ื”ืŸ, ื•ืงืฉื” ืœื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ืคืจืงื˜ื™ื•ืช ("ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื”ืื™ืžื”" ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ื”ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช) ืœืื•ืชื ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช. ื™ืชืจื” ืžื–ื•, ื ื“ืžื” ื›ื™ ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ืขื ื™ื ื ื’ื“ ื”"ื˜ืจืœื•ืœ ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™" ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืืช ื”ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ ืœืื—ื“ ืื™ืชื ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช, ืœื ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ืขื ื”ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ ืืช ืื•ืชื• ืกื˜ ืขืจื›ื™ื ื›ืœืœ. ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื›ื™ ืื•ืชื ื”ืžื•ื›ื™ื—ื™ื ื‘ืฉืขืจ ื›ืœืœ ืœื ืžืกื›ื™ืžื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืฉื™ื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืžื™ืขื•ื˜, ืื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืชืงืŸ ืขื•ื•ืœื•ืช ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช. ื›ืš ื”ื•ืคืš ืžื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื”ืคื—ื“ื” ื”ื–ื” ืœืฉื—ื•ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื™ ืคืขื. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžืืคื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ื”ื‘ื•ืœื˜ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื•ื ื”ื’ื™ืœ. ื–ื• ื”ื’ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื, ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื ืื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืœืคืขืžื™ื. ื”ื™ื ืืžื ื ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ื” ื’ื ืืฆืœ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื, ื•ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืžื—ืœื—ืœืช ืœืขื•ื“ ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืžืกืคืจื™ืช (ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ืจืื• ืืช ืกืงืจ pew) ื•ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื ืฉืœื˜ืช ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื. ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื”ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืฉืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ ื—ืกืจ ืฉืงืœ ื‘ื—ื•ื’ ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืชื™ืช ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืชืื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืจืงื™ืกื™ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ืคืฉื˜ื ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืžื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื”, ืœื ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ืฉืžื™ ืฉืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื›ืœื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ื“ืขื” ื•ืžืชื•ื•ื” ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืคื•ืœื™ื˜ืงืื™ื ื›ืžื• ืกื ื“ืจืก ื•AOC, ืืš ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ื’ื ืœืžื™ ืฉืขื•ืžื“ ื›ื ื’ื“. ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ื”ื–ื•, ืฉื ืœื—ืžืช ื‘ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื ("ื”ืฉืžืืœ ื”ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™", "ื”ื˜ืจืœื•ืœ ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™") ืชื•ืš ื ื™ืคื•ื— ื’ื•ื“ืœื, ื”ืฉืคืขืชื, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืชืคื™ืกืช ืขื•ืœืžื, ืžืฉืžืฉืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืื—ื“ ืžื—ื ื” ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™. ื”ื™ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉืช ื‘"ื—ื ื™ืช ื”ืžืฆืจื™" ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื›ื•ืช ืืช "ื”ืžืฆืจื™". ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืื•ื™ื‘ ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ื‘ื•ืจ ืœื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื ื”ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื™ืžื™ืŸ, ื”ืžืจืงืกื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืžืืœ, ื•ื”ืคื•ืคื•ืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื•. ื•ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืœื ื—ื ื™ืช, ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื—ืจื‘ ืคื™ืคื™ื•ืช.

  • ื’ืื•ื•ื” ื•ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ: ืื™ืš ื ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืขื ืืžืจื™ืงื”? (ื—ืœืง ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ื‘ืกื“ืจื” "ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืขื ืืžืจื™ืงื”")

    ืืœื‘ืจื˜ ืื™ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืืžืจ ืฉ-"ื ื™ืกื•ื— ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืคืชืจื•ื ื”", ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืงื“ืฉื ื• ืืช ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ื›ืชื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืกื“ืจื” ืœื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” - ืžื”ื™ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืขื ืืžืจื™ืงื”, ืžื” ื”ืกื›ื ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืฆื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ื” ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืŸ ืžืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช. ืื‘ืœ ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืจืง ืขื ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ืขืœ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ื›ืชื‘ื” ื”ื–ื• - ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืžื›ื•ืœืŸ - ื ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืœื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช. ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืžื ืกื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืœื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉื‘ืœื‘ ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืฉืœ ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช. ืื—ื“ ื”ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื ืœืจื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืœื–ื ื•ื— ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ืืช ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ืขื ื”ืฉืžืจื ื™ื ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ - ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื”ืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื ื™ืช, ื ื‘ื—ืจื™ื” ื•ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื”. ื–ื• ื˜ืขื•ืช ื›ืคื•ืœื”: ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืœื ืžื–ื“ื”ื™ื ืขื ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื ื™ืช ื•ืžืชื ื’ื“ื™ื ืœื™ื™ื‘ื•ื ื”ืื’'ื ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœื”, ืžื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืœื ืฉืง ื•ืขื“ ื”ื’ื‘ืœืช ื”ืคืœื•ืช, ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืฉื ื™ืช, ื•ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื›ืš, ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงื” ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื”ื™ื ืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ืช: ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื™ื ื›ืขืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœื‘ืŸ ื•ื‘ืกื ืื˜, ื•ื’ื ืื ื™ืื‘ื“ื• ืืช ืฉื ื™ื”ื ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช 2024, ื”ื ื™ื—ื–ืจื• ืœืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืชื™ื“. ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืœืคื–ืจ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื‘ืžื ื™ื•ืช - ื•ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื’ื ื‘ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™ื”. ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืื—ืจ ืฉืžื•ืฆืข ื”ื•ื ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื”ืžืขื™ื˜ ื‘ืฉื™ื— ืขืœ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช - ื‘ืจืืฉืŸ ื”ืกื›ืกื•ืš - ื•ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืืœื•ื’ ืฉืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœ-"ืฆื“ ื”ื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ", ืœื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื” ื•ืœืชืจื•ืžื” ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื” ืœืขื•ืœื, ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ืขื ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื. ื–ื• ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื•ื™ืฉ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื ื”ื“ืจื™ื ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ื ืื•ืชื”, ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืœื” ื‘ืขื™ื” ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืื—ืช: ื”ื™ื ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื” ืฉืžืจื ื™ืช. ื›ืฉื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื‘ืงืžืคื•ืก ืื• ื ื‘ื—ืจืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืžื•ื ื” ืืช ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ - ืขืฆืžืื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื”ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื”ื™ื—ืก ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื ื™ ืœืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื’ืื”, ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ื™ื™ื˜ืง - ื”ื™ื ื‘ืขืฆื ืื•ืžืจืช "ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ืžื•ืฉืœื, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืกื“ืจ". ื•ื”ืžืกืจ ืฉืœ "ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืกื“ืจ" ื”ื•ื ืžืกืจ ืฉืžืจื ื™ - ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื ื•ืขื“ ืœื”ื™ื›ืฉืœ ืขื ืงื”ืœ ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™. ื‘ืœื‘ ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื”ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืงื“ืžื” (progress) ื•ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ, ื•ืžื™ ืฉืžืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืจืš ืžืฉืงืคื™ื™ื ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืœื ืขืœ ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื” (ื•ืœื ื—ืกืจ, ืชื•ื“ื” ืœืืœ) ืืœื ืขืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืชืงืŸ ื‘ื”. ืื– ืื™ืš ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื”? ืื™ืš ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื•ื“ ืœืชืงืŸ - ื•ืœื ื—ืกืจ - ืืš ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื’ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ื–ืง ืžืชื•ืขืœืช? ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื•, ื•ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื”ืจืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืœืคืขื™ืœื™ ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ื•ืœืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”, ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืžืฉืชื™ ืžื™ืœื™ื - ื’ืื•ื•ื” ื•ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ (Pride and Progress). ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืžื” ืœื”ืชื’ืื•ืช ื›ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื, ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ ืฉืœื ื• ืื™ืชื ื•: ืžื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืขื ืคื” ืฉืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืขื“ ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืœื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘, ืžื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืœื ื’ื™ืฉื” ื•ืœืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื•ืขื“ ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ื”ืชื•ืกืกืช ื”ื ืื‘ืงืช ืขืœ ืฆื“ืง. ืืš ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื ืฉื™ืžื”, ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ, ืœื ืœื”ืชื—ืžืง ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ: ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืžืฆืขื“ื™ ื”ื’ืื•ื•ื” ื‘ืช"ื ื”ื ืื™ืจื•ืข ื‘ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ืขื•ืœืžื™ - ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื ืžืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื’ืื”; ืฉืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืกื˜ืืจื˜-ืืคื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื”, ื”ืžื™ื ื•ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช - ืื ื—ื ื• ืื—ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื”ืžื•ืช ื‘-OECD; ืฉืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืขื™ืžื•ืช ืžืชืžื™ื“ ื•ืฉืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื” ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžื—ืจื“ื” ืื• ืžืคื•ืกื˜-ื˜ืจืื•ืžื” - ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื–ื ื™ื—ื™ื ืืช ืžืขืจืš ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ. ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ื•ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžื›ืš ืฉืกื™ื•ื ื”ืกื›ืกื•ืš ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™-ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ ื ืจืื” ืจื—ื•ืง ืžืื™ ืคืขื. ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชื•ื•ื›ื— ืขืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืืœื•, ื•ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ "ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืงืกื" ืœื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื”ืกื›ืกื•ืš - ืื‘ืœ ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจื ื• ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื›ืชื‘ื”, ืœื ืกื— ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืœืคืชื•ืจ ืื•ืชื”. ืฆืขื™ืจ ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ืืžืจ ืคืขื ื‘ืื—ืช ื”ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•, "ืื ื™ ืคื’ืฉืชื™ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืžืžื”ืจื™ื ืœืกืคืจ ื›ืžื” ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ื”ื“ืจืช ื•ื›ืžื” ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื ื”ื ืจืขื™ื, ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ื›ื•ื— ืœืฉืžื•ืข. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉืืชื ืฉืžื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ื—ืกืจื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืœื ืžืชื—ืžืงื™ื ืžื”ืŸ, ืขืœ ื–ื” ืื ื™ ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื“ื‘ืจ - ื•ืœื”ืงืฉื™ื‘".

  • ืžื” ืžืกื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืขื ืืžืจื™ืงื”? (ื—ืœืง ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื‘ืกื“ืจื” "ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืขื ืืžืจื™ืงื”")

    ื’'ื™ื™ืกื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื ืขืจ ื‘ืŸ 18 ืžื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง ืกื™ื˜ื™. ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข, ื‘ืื—ืช ื”ื”ืจืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœื™ ืขืœ "ื’ืื•ื•ื” ื•ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ" ื›ื›ื•ืชืจืช ืœืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช, ื’'ื™ื™ืกื•ืŸ ืฉืืœ ืื•ืชื™ "ื“ื™ื‘ืจืช ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื”ืชืจื—ืงื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช - ืžืžื” ื–ื” ื ื•ื‘ืข?" ื–ื• ืฉืืœื” ืžืขื•ืœื”. ืœื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืขื ืืžืจื™ืงื” - ืฉื›ืชื‘ื ื• ืขืœื™ื” ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื” ืื ืœื ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื’ื•ืจืžื™ ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืœืกื›ื ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืฆื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ื” - ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ื ื• ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื”. ืœื›ืŸ, ืืช ื”ื›ืชื‘ื” ื”ื–ื• ื ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืืœื” ืฉืœ ื’'ื™ื™ืกื•ืŸ ืžื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง. ื”ื›ื™ ืงืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืฉื”ื”ืชืจื—ืงื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืจืกื•ื ืœื™ - ืฉืื™ืฉื™ื•ืชื ื•ืกื’ื ื•ื ื ืฉืœ ื˜ืจืืžืค, ื ืชื ื™ื”ื•, ืื•ื‘ืžื” ื•ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืžืฉืชื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืชืจืžื• ืœื”ืชืจื—ืงื•ืช. ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืœืจื›ื™ื‘ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ื™ืฉ ืชืจื•ืžื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืœื›ืš, ื›ืฉืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืื•ืชืŸ ืœืขื•ืžืง, ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืจืืฉืŸ. ื’ื ืžื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช - ืœืžืฉืœ ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืกื›ืกื•ืš ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™-ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ ืื• ืœื“ืช ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื” - ื”ืŸ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช, ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื”-"ื“ืœืง" ืฉืžื ื™ืข ืืช ื”ื”ืชืจื—ืงื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืŸ ืœื ืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžืŸ. ื’ื ืื ืžื—ืจ ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื™ืคืจื•ืฅ ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืชื”ื™ื” ื”ืคืจื“ื” ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืช ืœืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืืชื’ืจ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืขื ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช. ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืชืจื—ืงื•ืช ื–ื• ืžื–ื• ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืฉืœ ืืจื‘ืขื” ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืขื•ืžืง, ืืจื•ื›ื™-ื˜ื•ื•ื—, ืฉืื™ื ื ื‘ืฉืœื™ื˜ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉ. ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ื”ื•ื ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™: ืขื ื™ืจื™ื“ืช ืื™ื•ื ื”ื˜ืจื•ืจ ื•ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช ื”ืื ืจื’ื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืืจื”"ื‘, ื”ื™ื ืื™ื ื” ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ืช ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืขื‘ืจ - ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื” ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื‘ืจืืฉื ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ืืกื™ื”. ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ื ื˜ื•ืขื” ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ, ื•ืื™ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืชื ืชืง ืžืžื ื• - ื•ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœื”ืชื ืชืง ืžื”ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืžื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘, ื”ืฉืžืจื ื™ื ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ื—ืกื™ ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืื™ืจืืŸ ืื• ื‘ื˜ืจื•ืจ ืื™ื•ื ื—ืžื•ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื. ืื ื ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœื›ืš ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื–ืจื•ืช ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžื—ื–ืจืช ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื•ืŸ ื–ืจ, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ื•ืŸ ืกื™ื ื™, ื•ืฉื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ืฆืคื•ื ื™ ืฉืœื” ืคืจื•ืก ื”ืฆื‘ื ื”ืจื•ืกื™ ื•ืฉืื™ืชื• ื”ื™ื ืžืชืืžืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฆื‘ืื™ืช ื‘ืกื•ืจื™ื”, ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ืืœืฆืช ืœื”ื™ื–ื”ืจ ืžืขื™ืžื•ืช ื’ืœื•ื™ ืขื ืฉืชื™ ื”ื™ืจื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืืžืจื™ืงื”. ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืฉื ื™ ื”ื•ื ืื™ื“ื™ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™: ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื•ืช ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืžื•"ืž ื›ื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืื™ื ืชื™ืคืื“ื” ื•ืกื‘ื‘ื™ ืœื—ื™ืžื” ื‘ืขื–ื” ื”ืคื›ื• ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืœืกืงืคื˜ื™ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืฉืœื•ื. ืžื ื’ื“, ื”ื”ืกืชื‘ื›ื•ืช ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ื‘ืขื™ืจืืง ื•ื‘ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ ื•ื”ืคืจื•ืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืื“ื ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ืขืฉื• ื‘ื—ืกื•ืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ื˜ืจื•ืจ (ื›ืžื• ื—ื•ืง ื”ืคื˜ืจื™ื•ื˜) ื”ืคื›ื• ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ, ืœืกืงืคื˜ื™ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”. ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช: ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืœื” ืขืจืš ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ื•ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื” ืขืœื” ืขืจืš ื”ืฆื“ืง. ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ื•ื ื“ืžื•ื’ืจืคื™: ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืŸ, ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ื”ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ืกื ืื˜ ืฉื•ืžืจ ื•ื™ื•"ืจ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื ื‘ื—ืจื™ื ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืคืœื•ืกื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืงื˜ื ื”, ืžื•ืงืคืช-ื”ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื, ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ื” "ืื ื“ืจื“ื•ื’" ืฉืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื• ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžื•ืกืจื™. ืื‘ืœ ืชื—ืœื•ืคืช ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ืฉืœื”, ื•ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืš. ื›ืฉื”ื ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืืœ ื”ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ, ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืขืฆืžื” ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช, ืขื ื”ืฆื‘ื ื”ื—ื–ืง ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ, ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืžืฉื’ืฉื’ืช ื•ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืขื ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื - ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื’ื ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ื•ืจืื•ื™ ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืžืžื ื” ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืฉืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืื“ื. ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™, ื•ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ื•ื ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™: ืื ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ื›ืžื• ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื ื•ืฉื) ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื, ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื’ื•ื’ืœ ื•ื‘ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช. ื•ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืกืคืจื™ื ื•ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœืชืช ืชืžื•ื ื” ืžืื•ื–ื ืช, ืขืžื•ืกืช-ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื•ื“ืงื•ื™ื•ืช, ืืช ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืกื›ืกื•ืš ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™-ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ ืžืื•ื“ ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ื‘-280 ืชื•ื•ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืจ, ืžื ื‘ืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง ืื• 30 ืฉื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ืื• ื˜ื™ืงื˜ื•ืง. ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืจื‘ืขืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืืœื” - ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™, ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™, ื”ื“ืžื•ื’ืจืคื™ ื•ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ - ืžื™ื™ืฆืจ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ื™ืชื™ืช ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืžืขื˜ื”, ื•ื’ื "ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืงืกื" ืœื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืฉืขืœ ื”ืคืจืง ืœื ื™ื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื”ื. ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืืœืžืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื–ื” ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืขื•ืžืง ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœืื™ืฉ ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื›ืš - ื•ืขืœ ื–ื” ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ื‘ื.

  • ื”ืกื›ื ื•ืช ืœื‘ืจื™ืช ืขื ืืžืจื™ืงื” (ื—ืœืง ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืกื“ืจืช ื”ื›ืชื‘ื•ืช "ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืขื ืืžืจื™ืงื”")

    ื”ืกื›ื ื•ืช ืœื‘ืจื™ืช ืขื ืืžืจื™ืงื” (ื—ืœืง ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืกื“ืจืช ื”ื›ืชื‘ื•ืช "ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืขื ืืžืจื™ืงื”") ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื” ื”ืงื•ื“ืžืช ืขื ื™ื ื• ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื” "ืžื”ื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืขื ืืžืจื™ืงื”", ื•ื”ืฆื’ื ื• ืืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช - ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ืช, ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช, ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช - ืฉืœ ื™ื—ืกื™ ืืจื”"ื‘-ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืื‘ืœ, ืื ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื - ืžื“ื•ืข ืฆืจื™ืš "ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ" ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช? ื”ืื ื”ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืกื›ื ื”? ื•ืžืžื” ื”ืกื›ื ื” ื”ื–ื• ื ื•ื‘ืขืช? ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื ืขื ื” ื›ืขืช. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉืืจื”"ื‘, ื›ืžื• ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช, ืžืคื•ืฆืœืช ืžืื•ื“ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช - ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืžืจื ื™ื ืœืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ, ื”ืžื™ื•ืฆื’ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืชื™ ื”ืžืคืœื’ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘, ื”ืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื ื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื. ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืžื ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื ื•ืฉื ืฉื”ื•ื ื›ืžืขื˜-ื‘ืงื•ื ืฆื ื–ื•ืก ื“ื•-ืžืคืœื’ืชื™, ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ืžืฆื‘: ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื”ืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื ื™ืช ื•ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื” ื”ื ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ืžื•ื‘ื”ืงื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืื™ืชื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื (ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉื™ืืžืจื•, ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžื“ื™), ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืขื ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื ื”ื ืœื ืจืขื™ื - ืื‘ืœ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื”. ื›ืš, ื‘ืกืงืจ ืฉืœ ืžื›ื•ืŸ YouGov ืžืžืื™ 2021, ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉ-59% ืžื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืกื™ื•ืข ืœื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ "ื™ืขื“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘" (ืžืื•ื“ ืื• ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช-ืžื”) ืฉืœ ืืจื”"ื‘, 79% ืžื”ืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื ื™ื ืจื•ืื™ื ื–ืืช ื›ืš. ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืกืงืจ, 26% ืžื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื ืžื–ื“ื”ื™ื ืขื ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ืขื ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ื•ืื™ืœื• ืจืง 16% ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื”ื”ืคืš (ื”ืจื•ื‘, 35%, ืžื–ื“ื”ื™ื ืขื ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉื•ื•ื”). ื’ื ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื—ื™ืงื” ืขืงื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืชืžื™ื›ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ - ืœืคื™ ืกืงืจ Gallup, ืื ื‘-2012 ื™ื•ืชืจ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื ืชืžื›ื• ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื”ืคืจืฉ ืฉืœ 30%, ื‘-2022 ื”ื”ืคืจืฉ ื”ื–ื” ืขื•ืžื“ ืขืœ ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื. ืœืคืขืจ ื‘ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื”ื–ื• ื™ืฉ ื’ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืฉื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ: ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื”ืงื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื ื—ื‘ืจื™ ืงื•ื ื’ืจืก ืฉืงื•ืจืื™ื ื‘ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ืœื”ื—ืจืžืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ื—ืœืง ืžื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”-Squad, ื”ืงื•ืžืฅ ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืื’ืฃ ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ืžืคืœื’ื”), ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืœื›ืช ืœืงืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืกื™ืžื ื™ื ืžืขื™ื“ื™ื ืžื“ืื™ื’ื™ื. ื›ืš, ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ืžื‘ืฆืข "ืฆื•ืง ืื™ืชืŸ" ืฉืžื•ื ื™ื ืกื ืื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืขื• ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืœืชื™-ืžืกื•ื™ื’ืช ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื”, ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืžื‘ืฆืข "ืฉื•ืžืจ ื—ื•ืžื•ืช", 28 ืกื ืื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื ืงืจืื• ืœ-"ื”ืคืกืงืช ืืฉ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ืช", ื‘ื”ื ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื ืžืชื•ื ื™ื ืœืžื“ื™ ื‘ืžืคืœื’ื” ื›ืžื• ืื™ื™ืžื™ ืงืœื•ื‘ืืฉืจ (ืฉืงืจืื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ "ืžื’ื“ืœื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”"), ื’'ื•ืŸ ืื•ืกื•ืฃ (ืขื™ืชื•ื ืื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื•ื‘ื•ื’ืจ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ) ื•ืชืžื™ ื“ืืงื•ื•ืจืช' (ื˜ื™ื™ืกืช ืงืจื‘ ืฉื ืคืฆืขื” ื‘ืขื™ืจืืง). ื›ืžืคืœื’ื” ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช, ืืš ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืฉื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ืชื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืชื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืœืคื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื–ื• ื ืขืฉื™ืช ืฉืžืจื ื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ: ืจืง ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืจืื™ื ื• ืฉื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžื—ื•ืงืงื™ื ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื, ืžื™ื“ื™ื“ื™ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืงื•ื ื’ืจืก, ืžืชืจื™ืขื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ื”ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืืœื™ื• ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ืœื›ืช. ื›ืš ื”ืกื ืื˜ื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื‘ ืžื ื ื“ื–, ืฉืกื™ื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœื• ื›ืฉื”ืชืขืžืช ืขื ืื•ื‘ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ื ื”ื’ืจืขื™ืŸ, ื”ืชืจื™ืข ืฉืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ "ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื" ื‘ืžืžืฉืœื” ื™ืคื’ืข ื‘ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื”ื“ื•-ืžืคืœื’ืชื™ื™ื; ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืงื•ื ื’ืจืก ื‘ืจืื“ ืฉืจืžืŸ ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืžืคื•ืจืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืฉืจ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืœืื•ืžื™ ืื™ืชืžืจ ื‘ืŸ-ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ื›ืžื™ ืฉืขืจื›ื™ื• ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืกืชื™ืจื” ืœืขืจื›ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช; ื•ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืงื•ื ื’ืจืก ื’'ืจื™ ื ื“ืœืจ, ื–ืงืŸ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ื ื’ืจืก, ืคืจืกื ืžืืžืจ ื‘-"ื”ืืจืฅ" ื•ื‘-New York Times ื•ื‘ื• ื”ืชืจื™ืข ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœืจืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื•ื“ืžืช ื›ืขืช ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ืชืคื’ืข ื‘ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช. ื’ื ืื™ื™ื‘ ืคื•ืงืกืžืŸ, ื”ื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืžื™ืชื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื™ื’ื” ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืฉืžืฆื”, ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ ืื ื–ื• ืชืคืกื™ืง ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”. ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชืคื™ืกื” ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื—ืœืœ ืจื™ืง ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ. ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืžื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื ื™ื-ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช (ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื“ืช ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื•ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื - ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜) ื•ื‘ื–ื™ืจืช ื”ื—ื•ืฅ (ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืกื›ืกื•ืš ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™-ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™) ืžื ื™ืขื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ืชืจื—ืงื•ืช ืฉืœ ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช, ื”ื”ืชืจื—ืงื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ืงืฉื•ืจื” ื‘ืืจื‘ืขื” ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืขื•ืžืง ืฉืขื•ื‘ืจืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช - ื•ืขืœื™ื”ื ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื” ื”ื‘ืื”.

  • ืžื”ื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืขื ืืžืจื™ืงื”? (ื›ืชื‘ื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื” "ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืขื ืืžืจื™ืงื”")

    ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช-ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ื”ื™ื "ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืขื ืืžืจื™ืงื”", ื•ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืฉื•ื›ื—ื™ื ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืžื”ื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื–ื• - ื•ืœืžื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœื™ื”. ืœื›ืŸ, ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื” ื”ื–ื• ื ื ืกื” ืœืขื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ืื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื”, "ืœืžื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืืช ืืจื”"ื‘"? ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ, ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™: ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืงื‘ืœืช ืžืืจื”"ื‘, ืžื“ื™ ืฉื ื” 3.3 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื“ื•ืœืจ ืœืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ื•ืขื•ื“ 500 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ ืœืจื›ืฉ ืžื™ื™ืจื˜ื™ื ืœื›ื™ืคืช ื‘ืจื–ืœ (ืื’ื‘, ืžื™ ืฉื”ืฆื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื”ื–ื” ื•ืขื™ื’ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ืขื“ 2028 ื”ื™ื” ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ื‘ืจืง ืื•ื‘ืžื”). 3.8 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื“ื•ืœืจ ื‘ืฉื ื”, ื›ืžืขื˜ 13 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉืงืœื™ื, ื”ื ื›-13% ืžืกืš ื›ืœ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœืžืžืฉืœื” ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืกื™ื•ืข, ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืืจื”"ื‘ ืžื ื”ืœื•ืช ืฉื™ืชื•ืคื™ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืžืงื™ืคื™ื: ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืฆื‘ืื™ื•ืช ืžืชืืžื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื—ื“, ืžื—ืกื ื™ ืชื—ืžื•ืฉืช ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืฉืขืช ื—ื™ืจื•ื ื•ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ืžื—ืœื™ืคื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ ืžื™ื“ืข, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืžืกื™ื™ืขื•ืช ืœืฉืชื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื’ื ื‘ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™, ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืกืชื™ื™ืขืช ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘: ื‘ืจืืฉ ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื•ื•ื˜ื• ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืื•"ื ืžื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืคื ื™ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉื™ื˜ื™ืœื• ืขืœื™ื” ืกื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช; ื•ืืจื”"ื‘, ืฉื™ื•ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข, ืžืฉืคื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื ื•ืกื—ื™ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ืฉืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื›ื™ื”ื ื” ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ). ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืฉ-"ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื•ื•ืฉื™ื ื’ื˜ื•ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ืจืช ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื" ื•ืžืฉืงื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ื™ื—ืกื™ื”ืŸ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืงืจื‘ ืœื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช: ืœื ืœื—ื™ื ื ืžื“ื™ ืฉื ื” ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ื–ืจื™ื ืžืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืœื›ื ืก ืื™ืคื"ืง, ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ื—ื” ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ืœื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ื”ืžื›ืจืขืช ืฉืœื” ืœื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ืฉืœื•ื, ืžืžืฆืจื™ื ื“ืจืš ื™ืจื“ืŸ ื•ืขื“ ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื. ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช, ืœืืจื”"ื‘ ื™ืฉ ืชืจื•ืžื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืื“ื™ืจื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ: ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ื ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืœืืจื”"ื‘ ืขืžื“ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2021 ืขืœ 18.7 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื“ื•ืœืจ (ื•ื”ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื ืžืืจื”"ื‘ ื”ื™ื” ืงื˜ืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช - 12.8 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื“ื•ืœืจ). ื‘-2019, ืฉื ืช ืฉื™ื ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, 21% ืžื”ืชื™ื™ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื, ื•ื’ื ืขื ืฃ ื”ื”ื™ื™ื˜ืง ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช - ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ื”ื•ืŸ, ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ืœืฉืชืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื‘ืกื™ืœื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืืœื™. ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช, ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื›ืœ, ืœืงืฉืจ ื”ื”ื“ื•ืง ืขื ืืจื”"ื‘ ื™ืฉ ืชืจื•ืžื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืœื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช: ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืžืื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื” ืœืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ื•ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืžื›ืœ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื•ืžื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉืช ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ืžื’ื•ื•ื ืช ื•ืชื•ืกืกืช ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื’ื ืžืื‘ืงื™ื ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ืžื• ื”ืคื ืชืจื™ื ื”ืฉื—ื•ืจื™ื ืื• MeToo, ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื”ืฉืจืื” ืžืžืื‘ืงื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘. ืืœื• ื”ืŸ ืจืง ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืžืขื˜ื•ืช ืœืขื•ืžืง ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช, ื•ืœืชืจื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืืจื”"ื‘ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื’ื ืืจื”"ื‘ ืขืฆืžื” ืžืจื•ื•ื™ื—ื” ืžื›ืš (ื•ืขื•ื“ ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื›ืš ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš), ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืืจื”"ื‘ ืชืกืชื“ืจ ื‘ืœื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืฉืœื” ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื” ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืœื™ ืืจื”"ื‘ - ื•ื”ื™ื ืชืชืงืฉื” ืžืื•ื“ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืขื•ืฆืžืชื” ื•ืฉื’ืฉื•ื’ื”. ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื” ื”ื‘ืื”: ื”ืื ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืขื ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื‘ืกื›ื ื”?

  • ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช ืœื ืžืชื”

    ื’ื ืœืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช: ืื™ืš ืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช - ื›ืฉื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉืžืจื ื™ืช? ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ื•ืฉื‘ืขื” ืžืžืฉืœืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”-37, ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจื” ื›ื“ืช ื•ื›ื“ื™ืŸ. ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงื•ื•ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืชืคืขืœ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื‘ืœื‘ ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ืžื• ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ืืงืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืืš ื›ืžื™ ืฉืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืขืจื›ื™ื ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื™ื - ื”ืคืจื“ืช ื“ืช ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืžื’ื“ืจื™, ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื’ืื”, ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช-ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช - ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืžื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ื–ื•. ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ื—ื‘ืจื™ื” ื™ื™ืฉืคื˜ื• ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื•ื“ืื’ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืขื›ืฉื™ื•. ืื—ืช ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉื ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ื”ืจืฆืื•ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื ืื™ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช, ืขื ืžืžืฉืœื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืฉืžืจื ื™ืช? ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ืฉื•ืืœื™ื, ื•ืืคืฉืจ ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื, ืื™ืš ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช-ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ื˜ื•ืขื ืช ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื” ื‘ืขืจื›ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืขื ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช - ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืฉืœื•ื, ืœืฆื“ืง ืžื’ื“ืจื™ ื•ืœื—ื•ืคืฉ ื“ืช - ื›ืฉื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ื ื‘ื—ืจืช ืœื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ืช ืืœื™ื”ื? ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ืฉื•ืืœื™ื, ื•ืืคืฉืจ ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื, ื”ืื ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ืจื™ื ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ืœื•ื•ืชืจ? ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœื ื• ื˜ืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื’ืจืฃ ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื” - ืืœื” ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื ืฉื™ืื•ืช ืืจื”"ื‘ ื‘-2016. ื›ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืœื ื•, ื“ื•ื ืืœื“ ื˜ืจืืžืค ื ื™ืฆื— ื‘ืขื ืง - ืขื 306 ืืœืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื, ืœืขื•ืžืช 232 ืืœืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ ื–ื›ืชื” ื™ืจื™ื‘ืชื• ื”ื™ืœืืจื™ ืงืœื™ื ื˜ื•ืŸ. ืœื™ื“ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืจืื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉืงืฃ ื”ื–ื” ื•ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืฉืืœื” ืื—ืช: ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžื›ื ื•ื™ืชืจ? ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžื›ื ืจืื” ืืช ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืืžืจ, "ืื•ืงื™ื™, ืืžืจื™ืงื” ืื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื“ืจื›ื•ืŸ ืงื ื“ื™"? ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืœื. ื›ืœ ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื™ืชื• ืžืฉื™ื‘ ื‘ืฉืœื™ืœื”, ื•ื‘ืฆื“ืง: ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช, ื”ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ืช ืœืขืจื›ื™ื ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื™ื, ืืžื ื ื”ืคืกื™ื“ื” ื‘-2016, ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืœืžืคืกื™ื“ ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช - ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื™ืฆืื• ืœืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช, ืขื“ื›ื ื• ืืช ืขืžื“ื•ืชื™ื”ื, ืจื™ืขื ื ื• ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืืจื’ื ื• ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช. ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืงืฉื”, ื”ื ื’ื ื ื™ืฆื—ื•. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื’ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ: ื”ืžื—ื ื” ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ ื—ื˜ืฃ ืžื›ื” ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื”, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื•ื›ืจืข ืกื•ืคื™ืช - ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช, ืœืขืžื•ืชื•ืช, ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืขืกืงื™ ื•ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื›ื•ื— ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข, ื’ื ืื ื”ื ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜. ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืœื”ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคื•ื–ื™ืฆื™ื”. ื’ื ืื ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ื ื‘ื—ืจืช ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ืช ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ื•ืœื ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉืžืจื ื™ืช ืฉืœื”, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ ื ืฉื™ื ื•ืœื”ื˜"ื‘) ื–ื” ืœื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉ-"ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื‘ื•ื“ื”". ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืžืฆืคื” ืœืžื—ื ื” ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืคื” - ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื• ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื–ื” ืžื–ื” ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื‘ื™ื—ื“.

  • ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช-ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ื—ื•ื’ื’ืช ืฉื ื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื!

    ื–ื• ืชืงื•ืคืช ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช: ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘, ื”-MAGA Republicans ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื, ื›ืฉื”ืคื™ื›ืช ืจื• ื ' ื•ื•ื™ื“ ื”ื™ื ืจืง ื”ื”ืชื—ืœื”. ื”ื ืžืฉืชืคื™ื ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขื ืœื•ื‘ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืื‘ืง ื‘ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืคืขื•ืœืช ืืงืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ื ืฉืง, ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื” ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื ืžืคื™ืฆื™ื ืฉืงืจื™ื ืขืœ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื”ืžื—ื ื” ื”ืฉืžืจื ื™ ืžืืชื’ืจ ื›ืœ ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช (ื‘ืจืืฉ ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช-ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ืช), ื•ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืžืงื“ืžื™ื ืืช ื”ืื’'ื ื“ื” ื”ืžื™ื–ื•ื’ื ื™ืช, ื”ื”ื•ืžื•ืคื•ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื”ื’ื–ืขื ื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื. ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ืจื•ืจื”: ืœื”ืจื•ื’ ื›ืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืœืฉืœื•ื ื•ืœื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ื™ื ื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื. ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื•, ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื ื•ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืžืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื’ื ื™ื—ื“, ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉืชืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื”. ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื—ืœืคืช ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืจื™ืช, ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ืช ืœืขืจื›ื™ื ื•ืœืื’'ื ื“ื•ืช ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืืช ืืจื”"ื‘ ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืฆื•ื“ืงื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื–ื•, ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช-ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช, ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื• ืžื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื” (PZC), ื”ืฉืงื ื• ืฉื ื™ ื“ื™ืืœื•ื’ื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื™ื-ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื™ื: ื“ื™ืืœื•ื’ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ืžื™ื ื™ืช, ื‘ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื—ืžืฉ ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘, ื‘ืžื”ืœื›ื• ื“ื ื• ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ื‘ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื”ื›ื•ืื‘ื™ื ื”ืืœื• - ืฉืคื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืงื”ื™ืœื”. ื“ื™ืืœื•ื’ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžื™ื, ื‘ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉื” ื ื‘ื—ืจื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ (ืืจื‘ืขื” ืžืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”, ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ) ื•ืฉืชื™ ืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ื•ืช ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืฉืœื•ื ื•ืœืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช., ื‘ืžื”ืœื›ื• ื”ื—ืœืคื ื• ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ื‘ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืœืกื›ื ื” ื”ื—ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื–ืžื ื ื•. ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœืกืคืจ ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช: โ€ขื—ืœืงื ื• ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช ืขื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื ืžื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ืืžืจื™ืงื”, ืžืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื” ื“ืจืš ื•ื™ืกืงื•ื ืกื™ืŸ ื•ืขื“ ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง. ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืฉืขืฉืชื” ื™ืฉืจืืœ - ื•ืขืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉืขื•ื“ ื ื•ืชืจื” ืœื” ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช ื•ืฆื•ื“ืงืช ื™ื•ืชืจ. โ€ขื“ื™ื‘ืจื ื• ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื - ืžืฉืจืชื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืกื˜ื™ื - ืขืœ ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช-ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช, ืขืœ ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืฉืœื ื•, ื•ืขืœ ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื•, ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื ืžืฉืชื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช, ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฉืชืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื”. โ€ขื”ืขื‘ืจื ื• ืกื“ื ืื•ืช ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™ื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ืœืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืคืจื•-ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื, ื•ื ืชื ื• ืœื”ื ื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื•ื›ืœื™ื ืœืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืื™ืชื. โ€ขืคืจืกืžื ื• ื‘ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื”ืžื™ื™ื ืกื˜ืจื™ื, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉื‘ืขื” ืžืืžืจื™ ื“ืขื” ื‘ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜, ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื‘-Times of Israel (ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžื›ืชื‘ ืคืชื•ื— ืœื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืงื•ื ื’ืจืก ืื•ืงืกื™ื•-ืงื•ืจื˜ื–) ื•ื ื™ื™ืจ ื‘ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืœืžื—ืงืจื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืœืื•ืžื™. ื‘ืกืš ื”ื›ืœ, ืœืžืขืœื” ืž-500 ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ื•ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ื”ืฉืชืชืคื• ื‘ืกื“ื ืื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื•ื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ื• ืœืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื• - ื•ื–ื• ืจืง ื”ื”ืชื—ืœื”. ื›ื‘ืจื™ืช, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืจืง ืื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“. ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื” ื”ืจื—ื‘ื ื• ืืช ืฉื™ืชื•ืคื™ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉืœื ื•: ื‘ื ื™ื ื• ืฉื™ืชื•ืคื™ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืจืฉืžื™ื™ื ืขื ืฉื™ืฉื” ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืžืืจื”"ื‘, ื›ื•ืœื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉืœื•ื ื•ืœืฆื“ืง, ื•ืฉื•ืชืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื ืขื•ื“ ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื•ืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืกื˜ื™ื. ืงื™ื“ืžื ื• ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื’'ื ื“ื•ืช ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื•ืช ื›ื—ืœืง ืžื™ื—ืกื™ ืืจื”"ื‘-ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื•ืœ ื ื‘ื—ืจื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ: ื ืคื’ืฉื ื• ืขื ื™ื•"ืจ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ื—ื”"ื› ืจื ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืจืง; ืขื ื™ื•"ืจ ื•ืขื“ืช ื—ื•ืง, ื—ื•ืงื” ื•ืžืฉืคื˜, ื—ื”"ื› ื”ืจื‘ ื’ืœืขื“ ืงืจื™ื‘; ื•ืขื ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื›ื ืกืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื™ื ืืจื‘ืข ืžืคืœื’ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืžื•ืช ืื’'ื ื“ื•ืช ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื•ืช. ื‘ื ื™ื ื• ืฆื•ื•ืช ื ื”ื“ืจ: ื’ื™ื™ืกื ื• ืฉื ื™ ืžืชื ื“ื‘ื™ื, ืฉืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื›ืื ืœื™ืกื˜ ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ืชื•ื›ืŸ; ื•ื”ื•ืกืคื ื• ืืจื‘ืขื” ืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ืœื•ื•ืขื“ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ืฉืœื ื•, ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื•. ืขื ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื”, ื–ื” ื–ืžืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ื‘ื’ืื•ื•ื” ืขืœ ื”ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• - ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘, ืœื”ื™ืขืจืš ืœืฆืขื“ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืฉื ืงื“ื ืœืžืขืŸ ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช-ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ืฉืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืฉืœื ื•. ื ืฉืชืฃ ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ: ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ื“ื™ืืœื•ื’ ืขื ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ืž-Virginia Tech (ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื‘ืงืจื•ื‘!), ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ื ื” ืขื ืงืžืคื•ืกื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง, ื‘ืงื•ืœื•ืจื“ื•, ื‘ืืจื™ื–ื•ื ื” ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื! ื ื‘ื ื” ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช: ืขื“ ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ ื ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืงืžืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ ื”ื ื”ืœ, ื ืจื—ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื•ื ื‘ื ื” ืฉื•ืชืคื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืขื ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘. ื ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ื“ื™ืืœื•ื’ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื: ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื ืขืจื•ืš ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช-ื”ืžืฉืš ืขืœ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžื™ื ื•ื‘ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ืžื’ื“ืจื™ืช ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื• ืžื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”. ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ื“ื™ืืœื•ื’ ืขืœ ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื“ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื• ืžื”ืื’'ื ื“ื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง (NYJA). ื‘-2023, ื ืขืจื•ืš ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืฉื™ืฉื” ื“ื™ืืœื•ื’ื™ื ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื™ื, ืื—ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžืื’'ื ื“ื•ืช ื”ืœื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœื ื•- ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ืืงืœื™ื, ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืžื’ื“ืจื™, ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื’ืื”, ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื“ืช ื•ืฉืœื•ื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™-ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืœื‘ื“ - ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืขื–ืจืชื›ื ื•ืœืขื–ืจืชื›ืŸ! ืื ืืชื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื ื•ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื ืžืืจื”"ื‘ ื•ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช, ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื•ืช ื•ืฆื•ื“ืงื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช-ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ืื: ืชืฉืชืชืคื• ื‘ื“ื™ืืœื•ื’: ื›ืชื‘ื• ืœื ื• ืื ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื“ื™ืืœื•ื’ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืฉืœื ื•, ืื• ืฉืชื™ื–ืžื• ืื—ื“ ื—ื“ืฉ! ืชื–ืžื™ื ื• ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืฉื™ื—ื”: ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช; ืขืœ ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช-ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ื•ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื; ืกื“ื ืช ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™ื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช; ืื• ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื ื•ืฉื ืื—ืจ. ืขืงื‘ื• ืื—ืจื™ื ื• ื‘ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช, ื•ื”ืคื™ืฆื• ืื•ืชื ื•. ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉื ื” ืคื•ืจื™ื™ื”, ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืื—ื•ืจื” ื‘ื’ืื•ื•ื” - ื•ืงื“ื™ืžื” ื‘ื”ืชืจื’ืฉื•ืช! ื‘ืฉื ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช-ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช, ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช, ื”ื•ื•ืขื“, ื”ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืื—ืœื™ื ืฉื–ื• ืชื”ื™ื” ืฉื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืœื—ื”, ืฉืžื—ื”, ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืฉืœื•ื. ืฉื ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื•ืžืชื•ืงื”! ืจื•ืชื ืื•ืจื’, ืžื™ื™ืกื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช-ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช

  • ืื–ื”ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื

    (ืคื•ืจืกื ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ ื‘-Ynet) ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื›ื ืกืช: ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื ื—ืฉืคื• ืฉื ื™ ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืžื—ื•ืงืงื™ื ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื”ื–ื”ื™ืจื• ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื”ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ "ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื" ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ื‘ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื•ืช, ืœืขืชื™ื ืชื•ืš ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ืช ืœื—ื”"ื› ืื™ืชืžืจ ื‘ืŸ ื’ื‘ื™ืจ. ืืช ื”ืื–ื”ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื—ืฉืฃ ื”ืขื™ืชื•ื ืื™ ื‘ืจื“ ืจื‘ื™ื“ ื›ืฉืคืจืกื ื›ื™ ื™ื•"ืจ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ืฉืœ ื”ืกื ืื˜, ืจื•ื‘ืจื˜ ืžื ื ื“ื– (ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ ืžื ื™ื• ื’'ืจื–ื™), ื”ืชืจื™ืข ื‘ืคื ื™ ื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืื•ืคื•ื–ื™ืฆื™ื” ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื ืชื ื™ื”ื• ื›ื™ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื—ื”"ื› ื‘ืŸ ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ืžืžืฉืœืชื• ื™ืคื’ืข ื‘ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื”ื“ื•-ืžืคืœื’ืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืืจื”"ื‘ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ืื–ื”ืจื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืžื”ื˜ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืจ, ื›ืืฉืจ ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืงื•ื ื’ืจืก ื‘ืจืื“ ืฉืจืžืŸ (ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ ืžืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”) ืฆื™ื™ืฅ ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืงื•ืจื ืœืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื™ื "ืžื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉืช ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช" ืœื”ื—ืจื™ื "ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื‘ืŸ ื’ื‘ื™ืจ", ื‘ื˜ืขื ื” ืฉืขืจื›ื™ื”ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืขืจื›ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื•ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ื•ืฉ-"ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื" (ื›ืš ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ) ืžืขื™ืŸ ืืœื• ื™ืคื’ืขื• ื‘ื™ื—ืกื™ ืืจื”"ื‘-ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื ืชื— ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืขื•ืžืง, ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื”ืชืขื›ื‘ ืขืœ ื–ื”ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื: ืžื ื ื“ื– ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืกืžืŸ ื”ื ื™ืฆื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ื•ืœื™ื“ื™ื“ ื•ืชื™ืง ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ; ืฉืจืžืŸ ืืžื ื ื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื“ื•ืœื” ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ืื‘ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ืคืจื™ืข ืœื• ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ืœืžืขืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืงื•ื ื’ืจืก (ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ื”ื›ืกืคื™ ื•ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืฉื’ืจื™ืจื•ืช ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื) ื•ืืฃ ื ืชืžืš ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืกื“ ื”ืคืจื•-ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืœื›ื”ืŸ ื›ื™ื•"ืจ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ื ื’ืจืก ืขื ืขื–ื™ื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ืืœื™ื•ื˜ ืื ื’ืœ (ืฉื”ื•ื“ื— ื‘ืคืจื™ื™ืžืจื™ื– ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง ื‘-2020). ืฉื ื™ื”ื, ืžื ื ื“ื– ื•ืฉืจืžืŸ, ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื• ืœื”ืกื›ื ื”ื’ืจืขื™ืŸ ืขื ืื™ืจืืŸ ื•ืžื ื ื“ื– ื’ื ืกื™ื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœื• ื‘ืขื™ืžื•ืช ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ืขื ื”ื ืฉื™ื-ื“ืื– ืื•ื‘ืžื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื”. ืžื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืื–ื”ืจื”? ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืคืจืฉ ืื•ืชื” ื›ืื™ื•ื, ื›ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื—ืกื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืชืขืจื‘ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœื”. ืœื”ื‘ื ืชื™, ื•ืฆื™ื•ืฅ ืฉืœ ืฉืจืžืŸ ืžื—ื–ืง ื–ืืช, ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืื—ืจืช: ืžื ื ื“ื– ื•ืฉืจืžืŸ ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื’ืžื•ืช ื•ื”ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืฉืงื•ืจื™ื ืืฆืœื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ืจืืฉืŸ ื”ืชื—ื–ืงื•ืช ื”ืื’ืฃ ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ ืฉื‘ื—ืœืงื™ื ืžืžื ื• ื”ื™ื—ืก ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ืข ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืกืจ-ืกื‘ืœื ื•ืช (ื›ื™ ืœืฉื™ื˜ืชื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘ืฉืœื™ื˜ืชื” ื‘ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื, ืœื ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื‘ืขืจื›ื™ื ื”ืžืฆื•ืคื™ื ืžื‘ืขืœืช ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช) ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื•ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉ. ืขื•ื“ ืžื’ืžื” ืคื ื™ื-ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ื”ืชื—ื–ืงื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืคื•ืคื•ืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืืจื”"ื‘, ืฉืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื ื’ื“ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื•ืžืฉืชืคื™ื ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขื ืชื•ืžื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื•ื ื•ืช-ืœื‘ื ื” - ื•ืœืžืจื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช, ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ืฉืžื—ื•ืงืงื™ื ืฉื‘ืงื™ืื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืฅ ื›ืžื• ืžื ื ื“ื– ื•ืฉืจืžืŸ ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื, ื”ื ืžื•ืชื—ื™ื ืงื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉืžื›ื•ื ื” MAGA Republicans ืœื‘ื™ืŸ "ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื" ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื‘ืจืื™ื™ืชื, ืžื ื ื“ื– ื•ืฉืจืžืŸ ื”ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžื ืกื™ื ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ืœืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื”ื’ื” ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื–ื• ืฉืชืชื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™. ื”ืื–ื”ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžื ื ื“ื– ื•ืฉืจืžืŸ ืžื’ื™ืขื”, ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ื›ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืืžื™ืชื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืช ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš - ื•ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ื”ืื’ืฃ ื”ืคืจื•-ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื”ืžื•ื‘ื”ืง ืฉืœ ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช, ืžื ื ื“ื– ื•ืฉืจืžืŸ ืžืขืจื™ื›ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš. ืžื ื ื“ื– ื•ืฉืจืžืŸ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืขื ื›ืœ ืืชื’ืจื™ื” ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช, ืขื ื‘ืชื™ ืžืฉืคื˜ ืขืฆืžืื™ื™ื ื•ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช, ืฉืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื” ื”ื ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉืขืฉืชื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื›ืžื• ืคืœื•ืจืœื™ื–ื ื“ืชื™, ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืžื’ื“ืจื™ ื•ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื. ื”ื ื’ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ืงืฉื” ืžืื•ื“ "ืœื”ื’ืŸ" ืขืœ ื”ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืื ื‘ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ื‘ืื” ื™ืฉื•ืœื‘ื• ืื•ืชื "ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื", ืฉื‘ืจืื™ื™ืชื ื”ื ื‘ื ื™-ื“ืžื•ืชื ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื•ืขื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉืืจืœื•ื˜ืกื•ื•ื™ืœ, ืžื›ื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืกืชืขืจื™ื ืขืœ ื’ื‘ืขืช ื”ืงืคื™ื˜ื•ืœ. ื‘ืฉื“ื•ืœื” ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืงื•ื ื’ืจืก ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืžื” ื•ื›ืžื” ืžื—ื•ืงืงื™ื ืฉืžื–ื“ื”ื™ื ื›-"ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื™ื", ืฉื˜ื•ืขื ื™ื ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืขืจื›ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฆื“ืง ื•ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืื“ื ื•ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ - ื•ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืฉื‘ืชื•ืจ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ืฉื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืชืžื™ื“, ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช. ืžื—ื•ืงืงื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื›ืžื• ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืงื•ื ื’ืจืก ืจื™ืฆ'ื™ ื˜ื•ืจืก (ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง), ืฉื•ื ื˜ืœ ื‘ืจืื•ืŸ (ืื•ื”ื™ื•) ื•ืžื™ ืฉื‘ืกื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื™ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืืœื™ื”ื ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ, ืžืงืกื•ื•ืœ ืคืจื•ืกื˜ (ืคืœื•ืจื™ื“ื”) ื”ื ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื™ืงืจื™ื ืžืคื– ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืžืขืžื“ื” ื”ื“ื•-ืžืคืœื’ืชื™ ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœืชื—ื–ืง ืงืฉืจ ืขื ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื™ื. ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืื•ืชื ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ืื ืชื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉื”ื™ื ืคื•ืขืœืช ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืžืœื ืฉืœ ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”, ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื“ืช ืœื›ื•ืœื, ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™ ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืœื—ืชื™ืจื” ืœืฉืœื•ื ืขื ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื (ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืจื—ื•ืง ืžืื•ื“). ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื’ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืงืฉื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ืขืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื‘ืจื™ืชื” ื‘ืžืคืœื’ื” ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช, ืžืžื ื ื“ื– ื•ืฉืจืžืŸ ื•ืขื“ ื˜ื•ืจืก ื•ื‘ืจืื•ืŸ, ืื ืชืงื“ื ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื ื•ื’ื“ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืืœื•. ื™ื—ืกื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช - ืœื ืจืง ืžืคืœื’ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื” ืืœื ื’ื ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืฉื–ื•ื›ื” ืœืชืžื™ื›ืช ืจื•ื‘ ืื–ืจื—ื™ ืืžืจื™ืงื”, ืจื•ื‘ ืฆืขื™ืจื™ ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื•ืจื•ื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืืžืจื™ืงื” - ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื‘ืจ. ื”ืขืžืงืช ื”ืฉื‘ืจ ืชืกื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืืจื”"ื‘, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื›ืš ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืืจืฅ - ืžื”ืกื™ื•ืข ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ ืœืฆื”"ืœ ื•ืขื“ ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื”ื–ืจื•ืช ืฉืžื ื™ืขื•ืช ืืช ืงื˜ืจ ื”ื”ื™ื™ื˜ืง. ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืžืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืขืฆืžื” (ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉื›ืš) ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉื™ื“ื™ื“ื™ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืฉื™ื›ื•ืจื”, ืื•ืœื™ ื›ื“ืื™ ืฉืชื–ืžื™ืŸ ืžื•ื ื™ืช.

  • ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื–ื” ื–ืžื ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื

    "ืื—ืจื™ ืžืื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช, ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื ื—ื•ืฃ ื”ืžื‘ื˜ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™, ืฉื”ื™ื” ื•ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื ืจื“ืคืช. ื›ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื ื™ ืžืื•ื“ ื’ืื” ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื• ื•ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืฉืžืจื•." ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืืœื• ืžืงืกื•ื•ืœ ืืœื—ื ื“ืจื• ืคืจื•ืกื˜, ื”ืžื•ืขืžื“ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ ืœืงื•ื ื’ืจืก ืžื˜ืขื ื”ืžื—ื•ื– ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืคืœื•ืจื™ื“ื”, ืคื•ืชื— ืืช ื ื™ื™ืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื• ืฉืคื•ืจืกื ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื‘-Jewish Insider. ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื›ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžืชืขืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘, ืฉื›ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื›ื‘ื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืืช ืžื™ ืฉื™ื‘ื—ืจื• ืœื›ืœ ืชืคืงื™ื“, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืขืžื™ืง ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ืืœื•, ืฉื ื›ืชื‘ื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืžื™ ืฉื›ื ืจืื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืงื•ื ื’ืจืก ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘-3 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ. ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื™ื? ื›ืŸ, ื”ื ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืคืจื•ืกื˜ ืžืฉืžื™ืข ืงื•ืœ ื ื“ื™ืจ ื‘ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืชื™ื ื•: ืฉืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื, ื‘ืžื”ื•ืชื”, ืื™ื“ื™ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ืช. ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ืฉื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืฉื ืจื“ืฃ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืžืื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื ื–ื›ืื™ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืฆืžืื™ืช, ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื”, ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ื•ืฉื•ื—ืจืช ืฉืœื•ื. ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ, ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืฉ ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื. ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื ืฉื™ืžื”, ืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ืช (ืื• ืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช, ื”ืžื•ืฉื’ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืขื“ื™ืคื™ื) ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš: ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืฉ ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื, ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉ, ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ืฉืœื•ื. ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืขืจืš ืœื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช-ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื ื’ื ืžื•ืฆืืช ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื”ืฆื”ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ืคืจื•ืกื˜, ืฉืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ื•ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ืœืฆื“ ืืœื•, ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื™ื ืžืื™ืžืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”. ื•ืคืจื•ืกื˜ ื”ื•ื ืœื ืœื‘ื“ - ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ืืช ื“ืขื•ืชื™ื• (ื•ืืช ื“ืขื•ืชื™ื ื•), ืฉืœื ืจื•ืื™ื ืกืชื™ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื•ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืœืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืฉืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื ืœืฉืœื•ื ื•ืžืขืจืขืจืช ืืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช. ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืœื ืจืง ืฉืืœื• ืœื ืกื•ืชืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• ืืœื ื”ืŸ ื”ื•ืœื›ื•ืช ื™ื“ ื‘ื™ื“: ืฆื“ืง ื”ื•ื ืขืจืš ืœื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื™ืกื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืžื”ืจืฆืœ ื•ืขื“ ื–'ื‘ื•ื˜ื™ื ืกืงื™, ื—ืœื ืขืœ ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช-ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื•ืขืœ ืฉืœื•ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™-ืขืจื‘ื™. ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ, ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• - ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ื•ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื™ื - ื ื’ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื.

  • ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืืจื•ื›ื” ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ

    ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช: ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืืงืœื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืŸ, ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื—ืชื ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืง ืฉื™ื”ื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ืฉืงืขืช ื”ืืงืœื™ื ื”ืฉืืคืชื ื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ืืจื”"ื‘ - ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ื–ื” ืื™ืŸ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื, ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื•ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืจื—ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื“ืœืงื™ ืžืื•ื‘ื ื™ื, ื”ืžืžืฉืœ ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื™ืฉืงื™ืข ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ื™ ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื ื‘ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืžืชื—ื“ืฉืช, ื‘ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ื—ืฉืžืœื™ื™ื, ื‘ืฆื“ืง ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ ื•ื‘ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื‘ื—ืงืœืื•ืช. ื–ื” ืจื—ื•ืง ืžืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืกืคื™ืง, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืฆืขื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ. ืฆืขื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื ืขืฉื” ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืื—ืจ ืœื’ืžืจื™: ื‘ื™ื•ื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช-ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ื•ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื” ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื• ืคืื ืœ ืขืœ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ืžื™ื ื™ืช: ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืžืืจื”"ื‘. ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ืžื’ื“ืจื™ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื, ื•ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื” ืจืง ื”ืคื›ื” ื”ื›ื•ืœ ืœื’ืจื•ืข ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื•ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื–ื” ืืžื ื ืฆืขื“ ืงื˜ืŸ ืืœ ื”ืฆืขื“, ื”ืคืื ืœ ืขืฆืžื• - ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืœืื•ืžื™, ื‘ื™ืŸ-ื“ื•ืจื™, ื‘ื™ืŸ-ื’ื–ืขื™ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ-ื“ืชื™ - ื”ื•ื ืฆืขื“ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื™ื—ืกื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื. ื”ืชืืกืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืžืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื” ื•ืžื•ื•ืจืžื•ื ื˜ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืชืฃ ืืช ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ, ื”ื™ื“ืข ื•ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ืŸ ืœื ืจืง ืชื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืœื ื’ื ืชื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืฉืœื ื• ืœืฆื“ืง ืžื’ื“ืจื™. ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื™ืขืœ ืฉืจืจ, ืžื™ื™ืกื“ืช ื•ืžื ื”ืœืช ื”ืœื•ื‘ื™ ืœืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ืžื™ื ื™ืช; ื ืขืžื™ ื˜ืืงืจ, ืžื ื›"ืœื™ืช "ืฉืœื•ื ื‘ื™ืช"; ืื ื™ืœื” ืขืœื™, ื™ื•"ืจ ื•ื ืฉื™ืื” ืฉืœ American Muslim and Multifaith Womenโ€™s Empowerment Council; ื•ืžื™ืจื” ื•ื•ืื ืก, ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ืช ื•ื™ื•"ืจ-ืฉื•ืชืคื” ืฉืœ MiddSafe, ืงื• ื—ื ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ืืœื™ ืœืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืฉื•ืจื“ื•ืช, ืขืœ ืฉื”ืงื“ื™ืฉื• ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื•ื”ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ืŸ, ื•ื›ืŸ ืœืงื™ื•ืžื™ ืงื•ื•ืืœืกืงื™, ื—ื‘ืจืช ื•ื•ืขื“ ืžื ื”ืœ ื‘-PZC ื•ื™ื•"ืจ-ืฉื•ืชืคื” ืฉืœ Jewbian Princes, ืขืœ ืฉืชื™ืืžื” ื•ื ื™ื”ืœื” ืืช ื”ืคืื ืœ. ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฆืคื™ื ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืื™ืชืŸ ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ, ื›ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืื‘ืง ืฉืœื ื• ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืฆื•ื“ืงื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘.

  • ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžื‘ืฆืข ื‘ืขื–ื”

    ืœื ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืคื•ืกื˜ ื”ื–ื” - ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืคืื ืœ ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™-ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืฉืœื ื• ืœืžืื‘ืง ื‘ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ื‘ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ืžื™ื ื™ืช, ืฉื™ืงืจื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ื‘ื (14 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜, 8 ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉืขื•ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ). ืœืฆืขืจื™, ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืžื” ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืื™ื•ืžื™ื, ื ื’ืจืจื ื• ืœืขื•ื“ ืกื‘ื‘ ื”ืกืœืžื”. ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช-ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ืžืื—ืœืช ืœืกื™ื•ื ืžื”ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื‘ืฆืข ืขื ื›ืžื” ืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื ืคื’ืขื™ื - ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื›ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื•ืžืจ: ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื•ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื›ืœ, ื›ืœ ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ืฃ ืžืคืฉืข ื”ื ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื”, ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฆืจื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื. ืฆื”"ืœ ืขื•ืฉื” ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• - ื”ืกืชืžื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ, ื”ื™ืฆืžื“ื•ืช ืœื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™, ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืชื—ืžื•ืฉืช ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช ื•ื›ื•' - ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื–ืขืจ ืืช ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืื–ืจื—ื™ื. ื›ืืฉืจ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื˜ืจื•ืจ ื›ืžื• ื”ื’'ื™ื”ืื“ ื”ืืกืœืืžื™ ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ืžืชื•ืš ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช, ื”ื ืžื ืฆืœื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฆื™ื ื™ ืืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ืฉืœื”ื ื•ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื›ืžื’ืŸ ืื ื•ืฉื™ - ืคืฉืข ืžืœื—ืžื”. ืฉื ื™ืช, ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช: ืœื ื ื›ื—ื™ืฉ ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ื–ืงื” ืžื›ืœ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื˜ืจื•ืจ ื‘ืขื–ื”, ื”ืŸ ื‘ื”ืชืงืคื” ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ื”ื’ื ื” (ื•ืจืื• ื”ืคืกืงื” ื”ื‘ืื” ืขืœ ื›ื™ืคืช ื‘ืจื–ืœ). ืื‘ืœ Strong doesn't mean wrong: ื›ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช, ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืžื™ ื”-wrong ืคื”: ื”ื’'ื™ื”ืื“ ื”ืืกืœืืžื™ ื™ื•ืจื” ื‘ืœื™ ืœื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืจ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื• ืžืกืชืชืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ื•ื‘ืžืกื’ื“ื™ื, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืœืคื’ื•ืข ืืš ื•ืจืง ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื™ ื’'ื™ื”ืื“ ืืกืœืืžื™, ื•ืœื ื‘ื—ืžืืก ืฉืฉื•ืœื˜ ื‘ืจืฆื•ืขืช ืขื–ื” (ื•ื‘ื˜ื— ืฉืœื ื‘ืื–ืจื—ื™ื). ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ื›ื™ืคืช ื‘ืจื–ืœ - ื”ื™ื ืžืฆื™ืœื” ื—ื™ื™ื, ืคืฉื•ื˜ื• ื›ืžืฉืžืขื•. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื ืžื™ื™ืจื˜ืช ืจืงื˜ื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืจื• ืœืขื‘ืจ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ื”ื™ื ืžื’ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื›ืื—ื“ - ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœืžืžืฉืœื” ืœื ื”ืœ ืืช ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื” ืขื ืœื—ืฅ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™. ื–ื” ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืฆื”"ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ื“ ื•ืžืชื•ืŸ, ื•ื‘ื›ืš - ื›ื™ืคืช ื‘ืจื–ืœ ืžืฆื™ืœื” ื—ื™ื™ื ื’ื ืฉืœ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื. ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ื™ื ื’ื™ื”ื™ื ื•ื, ืœื›ื•ืœื. ืื ื• ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืชืคื™ืœืชื ื• ืœืฉืœื•ื.

  • ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ืœื ืจื•ืื” ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช - ื•ื”ื™ื ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ื›ื•ืœื ื•

    ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ืžื™ื ื™ืช ื”ืŸ ืžื’ืคื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื•ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ: ื”ืŸ ื ืคื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ, ื”ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ืช, ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ; ื•ื”ืŸ ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงื˜ืœื ื™ื•ืช. ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ื•ื—ืฆื™ ืฉืœ ืžื’ืคืช ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื” ืจืง ื”ื—ืžื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘. ื‘ืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช-ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ื“ื ื” ืขื ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื• ืžื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื” (PZC) ืื™ืš ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ืืชื’ืจ ื”ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ ื”ื–ื”, ื•ืื—ืจื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื ื•ืช ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ืื™ื ื•ืžืชืจื’ืฉื™ื ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืฉื‘-14 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ ื ืขืจื•ืš ืคืื ืœ ื‘ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืœืžืื‘ืง ืขืœ ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ: ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ. ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืคืื ืœ ื™ืขืœ ืฉืจืจ, ืžื™ื™ืกื“ืช ื”ืœื•ื‘ื™ ืœืžืื‘ืง ื‘ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ืžื™ื ื™ืช; ื”ืคืื ืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื ืขืžื™ ื˜ืืงืจ, ืžื ื›"ืœื™ืช ืฉืœื•ื ื‘ื™ืช, ืื ื™ืœื” ืขืœื™ ื™ื•"ืจ ื•ื ืฉื™ืื” ืฉืœ AMMWEC, ื•ืžื™ืจื” ื•ืื ืก, ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ืช ื•ื™ื•"ืจ-ืฉื•ืชืคื” ืฉืœ ืงื• ื—ื ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ืืœื™ ืœืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืฉื•ืจื“ื•ืช, ื”ืŸ ื›ื•ืœืŸ ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžืŸ. ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืžื ื”ืœืช ื”ืคืื ืœ ืงื™ื•ืžื™ ืงื•ื•ืืœืกืงื™, ื—ื‘ืจืช ื•ื•ืขื“ ื”-PZC ื•ืžื™ื™ืกื“ืช-ืฉื•ืชืคื” ืฉืœ Jewbian Princess, ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืชืืจ ืืช ื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืจื”"ื‘ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื ืจืื” ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืืœื• ืžืืœื•. ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉื ื›ืฉืœืช ืžืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ืขืฆื ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื”, ื•ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื™ื”, ื”ื™ื ืœื ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฆื•ื“ืงืช. ื–ื• ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•, ื›ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ื•ื›ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ืฉืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืžื’ื“ืจื™, ืœื”ื™ืื‘ืง ืขืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ - ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื–ืงื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื™ื—ื“. ืœื”ืจืฉืžื” - https://bit.ly/3yCmVaQ Cosponsored By: Shalom Bayit, AMMWEC, Jewbian Princess and the Lobby Against Sexual Violence

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